**4. Materials and Methods**

#### *4.1. Cell Lines and Reagents*

Human ovarian cancer cell lines CaOV3 and SKOV3 (American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA, USA) were used in this study. These cells were cultured in DMEM and McCoy's 5A (Corning Incorporated, Corning, NY, USA) with 10% FBS (RMBIO, Missoula, MT, USA), glutamine, and antibiotics and maintained at 37 ◦C under 5% CO2. Gliotoxin (GTX) and 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were obtained from TOCRIS (Bristol, UK). Paclitaxel (PTX) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Paclitaxel-resistant sublines (CaOV3/PTX\_R and SKOV3/PTX\_R) were established in the paclitaxel-sensitive (PTX\_S) parent cell lines CaOV3 and SKOV3, respectively, by sequential exposure of cells to increasing concentrations of PTX 2.5 ~ 100 nM over 6 months. Finally, the authenticity of the drug-resistant sublines was confirmed by the ATCC Standards Development Organization (SDO) through short tandem repeat profiling in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Standard (ASN-0002).
