*2.1. Schwarzschild Constant*

A Schwarzschild black hole of mass *M* has energy *Mc*2, radius *RS* = 2*GM*/*c*2, and spherical surface *ABH* = 4*πR*<sup>2</sup> *<sup>S</sup>*. Forming the ratio of the total black hole energy and the Schwarzschild radius yields:

$$\mathcal{F}\_{\mathcal{S}} = Mc^2 / R\_{\mathcal{S}} = c^4 / 2G = 6.053 \times 10^{43} \quad \text{N} \tag{4}$$

a constant that has the dimension of a force and that we call the Schwarzschild constant. This is a universal constant, whose value is independent of any property of the black hole, a force. This force is the Planck force, which so far has not been given any physical meaning. We prefer to call it the Schwarzschild constant as the black hole is the only place where it naturally arises.
