*4.1. General*

Optical rotations were measured using an Anton Paar MCP 200 polarimeter (Anton Paar Graz, Austria) in a 350 μL cell with a length of 100 mm. NMR spectra were recorded in CD3OD using a Bruker 500 MHz spectrometer or a Bruker 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 2 mm invers detection probe (Bruker, Rheinstetten, Germany). Chemical shifts (δ) are reported in ppm relative to the TMS (tetramethylsilane) signal. Coupling constants (J) are in Hertz. High-resolution ESITOFMS measurements were performed using a Waters Acquity UPLC system (Waters, Manchester, England) with a column bypass coupled to a Waters Micromass LCT (Low Chromatography Times-of-flight) Premier time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray interface (ESI). Flash chromatography was performed using a Grace Reveleris system equipped with a 120 g C18 column. The flow rate was 80 mL/min, and detection was performed with dual UV at 210 and 270 nm and ELSD (Evaporative Light Scattering Detector). Analytical and preparative HPLC experiments were conducted using a Gilson system equipped with a 322 pumping device, GX-271 fraction collector, 171 diode array detector and prepELSII detector electrospray nebulizer. The columns used for analytical experiments included a Phenomenex Luna C18 5 μm 4.6 × 250 mm and a Phenomenex Luna C8 5 μm 4.6 × 250 mm. The columns used for preparative experiments included a Phenomenex Luna C18 5 μm 21.2 × 250 mm and a Phenomenex Luna C8 5 μm 21.2 × 250 mm (Phenomenex, Le Pecq, France). The flow rates were 1 mL/min and 21 mL/min, respectively, for analytical and preparative experiments and were carried out using a linear gradient of H2O mixed with an increasing proportion of acetonitrile (CH3CN). Both solvents were modified with 0.1% formic acid. All of the solvents used for analysis were of HPLC grade.

## *4.2. Endophyte Material*

*Astrocaryum sciophilum* palm trees were sampled in French Guiana in Piste de Saint-Elie, Sinnamary, in July 2014. The general procedures adopted for the isolation of the microorganisms followed the methodology described by Casella et al. [25]. After collection, the plant material was washed with sterile water and its surface was sterilized by immersion in 70% aqueous ethanol (3 min), followed by immersion in a 5% aqueous sodium hypochlorite (5 min) and finally in 70% aqueous ethanol (1 min). The leaves were cut into small pieces (1–0.5 cm2) that were placed in a potato dextrose agar medium (potato dextrose agar (PDA), Fluka Analytical, Steinheim, Germany) in Petri dishes at 28 ◦C (4–5 parts per Petri dishes). Each individual hyphal tip of emerging fungi was removed and placed in a sterile PDA culture medium in 10 cm Petri dishes. The leaf fragments were cultured for a maximum of 1 month. All of the isolated endophytic strains were deposited in the "ICSN/CNRS Strain Library France". The strains are maintained in triplicate at −80 ◦C in a 2 mL cryotube containing 1 mL of a solution of glycerol and water (1:1).

#### *4.3. Identification of Endophytic Strains*

Fungal and bacterial strains were identified using nucleotides sequencing of rDNA ITS (ITS1-5, 8S-ITS2) and rDNA 16S regions, respectively. The obtained sequences were then submitted to BLAST on NCBI to identify the strain. The sequence data were submitted to GenBank with an accession number for each strain (Table S1).

#### *4.4. Cultures and Extraction*

Each strain was cultivated at 28 ◦C in 10 Petri dishes (10 cm diameter) of the PDA culture media. Then, the culture was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) at room temperature for 24 h. The organic phase was removed via filtration, washed three times with H2O, dried with anhydrous solid Na2SO4 and evaporated using a rotary evaporator under reduced pressure to yield a crude mixture. An extract of the culture media without microorganisms was also conducted.

#### *4.5. UPLC-HRMS Analysis*

Chromatographic separation was performed using an Acquity UHPLC system interfaced to a Q-Exactive Plus mass spectrometer (Thermo Scientific, Bremen, Germany), using a heated electrospray ionization (HESI-II) source. Thermo Scientific Xcalibur 2.1 software was used for instrument control and data analysis. The LC conditions were as follows: column, Waters BEH (Ethylene Bridget Hybrid) C18 50 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm; mobile phase, (A) water with 0.1% formic acid; (B) acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid; flow rate, 600 μL/min; injection volume, 1 μL; gradient, linear gradient of 5−100% B over 7 min and isocratic at 100% B for 1 min. An Acquity UPLC photodiode array detector was used to acquire the PDA spectra which were collected in the 200–500 nm range. In the positive ion mode, the di-isooctyl phthalate C24H38O4 [M + H]<sup>+</sup> ion (*m*/*z* 391.28429) was used as the internal lock mass. The optimized HESI-II parameters were as follows: source voltage, 3.5 kV (pos); sheath gas flow rate (N2), 55 units; auxiliary gas flow rate, 15 units; spare gas flow rate, 3.0; capillary temperature, 275.00 ◦C (pos), S-Lens RF Level, 45. The mass analyser was calibrated using a mixture of caffeine, methionine−arginine− phenylalanine−alanine−acetate (MRFA), sodium dodecyl sulphate, sodium taurocholate, and Ultramark 1621 in an acetonitrile/ methanol/water solution containing 1% formic acid by direct injection. The data-dependent MS/MS events were performed on the four most intense ions detected in full scan MS (Top3 experiment). The MS/MS isolation window width was 1 Da, and the normalized collision energy (NCE) was set to 35 units. In the data-dependent MS/MS experiments, full scans were acquired at a resolution of 35,000 FWHM (at *m*/*z* 200) and MS/MS scans were acquired at 17,500 FWHM both with a maximum injection time of 50 ms. After being acquired in a MS/MS scan, the parent ions were placed on the dynamic exclusion list for 2.0 s.

### *4.6. MZmine 2.33 Data-Preprocessing Parameters*

Raw files were converted into MzXML (mass spectrometry data format) files using the MSConvert software. Then, MzXML files were processed using Mzmine 2.37 [10]. Mass detection was carried out with a centroid mass detector with the noise level set to 5.0E5 for the MS level set to all. The ADAP (Automated Data Analysis Pipeline) chromatogram builder [26] was achieved using a minimum group size of scans of 5, a minimum group intensity threshold of 5.0E5, a minimum highest intensity of 5.0E5 and a *m*/*z* tolerance of 0.002 or 5 ppm. The wavelets (ADAP) algorithm was used for the chromatogram deconvolution with the following settings: S/N threshold of 10, an intensity window SN, a minimum feature height of 1000, a coefficient area threshold of 100, a peak duration range between 0.01 and 0.5 and an RT wavelet range between 0.001 and 0.05. The *m*/*z* and RT range for MS<sup>2</sup> scan pairing were set to 0.001 Da and 0.3 min, respectively. Chromatograms were deisotoped using the isotopic peaks grouper algorithm with an *m*/*z* tolerance of 0.003 (5 ppm), RT tolerance of 0.1 (absolute), maximum charge of 2 and the representative isotope used was the most intense. Peak alignment was performed using the join aligner method: *m*/*z* tolerance of 0.001 or 5.0 ppm, weight for *m*/*z* of 0.001, RT tolerance of 0.3 min, weight for RT of 0.1. Adduct search (Na+, K<sup>+</sup>, NH4 <sup>+</sup>, ACN+) was conducted on the peak list with an RT tolerance set to 1.0 min and the maximum relative peak height at 50%. The found adducts were then removed from the peak list. The peak list was gap-filled with the peak finder module: intensity tolerance of 90%, *m*/*z* tolerance of 0.001 or 5.0 ppm and RT tolerance of 0.1 min. For further analysis, the peak list was reduced to the ions with the *m*/*z* values between 200 and 900, in order to decrease the number of data.

#### *4.7. Molecular Network Analysis*

After preprocessing the UHPLC-HRMS/MS data with MZmine 2.33, the output mgf file was processed with the MetGem software [11] to give a network containing nodes distributed in clusters. To decrease the size of the peak list, ions with the *m*/*z* values of 200-900 and/or selfloop nodes can be removed. Networks were generated using the following parameters: *m*/*z* tolerance set to 0.02, Minimum Matched Peaks set to 6, topK set to 10, Minimal Cosine score Value of 0.7 and Max. Connected Component Size of 100. Then, the associated CSV file was loaded. For the mapping process, the relative quantification of each ion was represented by pie chart-diagrams for which the proportions were based on the respective areas of the corresponding extracted ion chromatograph areas (XIC). Then, the analogues of the spectra in the network were searched in the available spectral libraries. The library spectra were filtered in the same manner as the input data. All of the matches between network spectra and library spectra were required to have a score above 0.7 and at least 6 matched peaks. The *m*/*z* tolerance for the analogues' search was set to 100. For a more advanced retreatment of the network, the MN was also exported to the Cytoscape 3.7.0 software (https://cytoscape.org/).

#### *4.8. Large-Scale Cultivation of Luteibacter sp. and Isolation*

Strains were cultivated 15 days at 28 ◦C in 14 cm Petri dishes of PDA (potato dextrose agar) media. Culture media was extracted three times consecutively with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) at room temperature (the organic phase after 24 h and replacing the remaining agar in EtOAc). The combined organic solution was washed as described above.

Large-scale cultivation of *Luteibacter* sp. was conducted on 210 14 cm Petri dishes to yield 1.96 g of a brown-yellow crude extract. This crude extract (1.8 g) was fractionated by reverse flash chromatography on a C18 column with a 5-min-step gradient of water mixed with an increasing proportion of acetonitrile (*v*/*v*, 95:5, 75:25, 50:50, 20:80 and 0:100). Six fractions were generated based on the UV and ELSD detection: F1 (22.2 mg, 1.2%), F2 (165.5 mg, 9.2%), F3 (93.6 mg, 5.2%), F4 (41.0 mg, 2.3%), F5 (46.3 mg, 2.6%) and F6 (563.8 mg, 31.3%). A step gradient of acetonitrile—methylene chloride (*v*/*v*, 50:50–0:100) was conducted to generate 2 additional fractions: F7 (334.4 mg, 18.6%), F8 (91.8 mg, 5.1%).

F4 (35.0 mg) was purified by preparative HPLC (Luna C18, mobile phase H2O + 0.1% FA/CH3CN + 0.1% FA, isocratic elution 60:40 during 6 min then linear gradient from 60:40 to 0:100 over 13 min, flow rate 21 mL/min) to obtain *(R)*-3-hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoic acid (5) (0.2 mg, tR = 26.5 min). F5 (41.4 mg) was purified by preparative HPLC (Luna C8, mobile phase H2O + 0.1% FA / CH3CN + 0.1% FA, isocratic elution 40:60 during 6 min then linear gradient from 40:60 to 0:100 over 13 min, flow rate 21 m/min) to obtain *(R)*-2-hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoic acid (1) (3.7 mg, tR = 14.0 min), *(R)*-3-hydroxy-14-methylpentadecanoic acid (2) (1.5 mg, tR = 15.3 min), *(S)*-β-hydroxypalmitic acid (3) (1.9 mg, tR = 15.6 min) and 9*Z*-hexadecenoic acid (7) (0.4 mg, tR = 21.5 min). F6 (258.0 mg) was purified by preparative HPLC (Luna C8, mobile phase H2O + 0.1% FA / CH3CN + 0.1% FA, isocratic elution 35:65 during 30 min, flow rate 21 mL/min) to obtain *(R)*-3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoic acid (4) (7.2 mg, tR= 15.0 min), 9*Z*-hexadecenoic acid (7) (30.7 mg, tR = 21.0 min), 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (6) (62.2 mg, tR = 24.0 min) and 15-methyl-9*Z*-hexadecenoic acid (8) (63.8 mg, tR = 27.0 min).

**(***R***)-2-hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoic acid (1)**: White powder. [α]D<sup>20</sup> <sup>=</sup> <sup>−</sup>5.6 (*<sup>c</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 0.5, chloroform). 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 4.07 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 7.4, 4.4, H-2), 1.75 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-3), 1.63 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-3), 1.52 (1H, *non*, *J* = 6.7, H-3), 1.44 (2H, *m*, H-4), 1.30 (14H, *s,* H-5 to H-11), 1.17 (2H, *m*, H-11), 0.88 (6H, *d*, *J* = 6.8, H-14, H-15). 13C-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 178.6 (C-1), 71.9 (C-2), 40.4 (C-12), 35.7 (C-3), 31.2–30.8 (5C, C-6 to C-10), 30.7 (C-5), 29.3 (C-13), 28.7 (C-11), 26.3 (C-4), 23.2 (2C, C-14, C-15). HR-ESI-MS: 257.2109 ([M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C15H29O3 <sup>−</sup>; calc. 257.2122), 515.4294 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C30H59O6 −: calc. 515.4317).

**(***R***)-3-hydroxy-14-methylpentadecanoic acid (2)**: White powder. [α]D<sup>20</sup> <sup>=</sup> <sup>−</sup>5.6 (c <sup>=</sup> 0.5, chloroform). 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD): 3.96 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-3), 2.42 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 15.1, 4.7, H-2), 2.34 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 15.1, 8.2, H-2), 1.52 (1H, *non*, *J* = 6.7, H-14), 1.47 (4H, *m*, H-4, H-5), 1.30 (14H, *s*, H-5 to H-12), 1.18 (2H, *m*, H-13), 0.88 (6H, *d*, *J* = 6.8, H-15, H-16). 13C-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD): 176.7 (C-1), 69.6 (C-3), 43.7 (C-2), 40.4 (C-13), 38.2 (C-4), 31.2-30.9 (6C, C-6 to C-11), 29.3 (C-14), 28.7 (C-12), 26.8 (C-5), 23.2 (2C, C-15, C-16). HR-ESI-MS: 271.2274 ([M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C16H31O3 <sup>−</sup>; calc. 271.2279), 543.4611 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C32H63O6 −; calc. 543.4630).

**(***S***)-**β**-hydroxypalmitic acid (3)**: White powder. [α]D<sup>20</sup> = +18 (c <sup>=</sup> 0.1, chloroform). 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD): 3.97 (1H, *m*, H-3), 2.43 (1H, *dd*, *J* = 15.1, 4.7, H-2), 2.36 (1H, *dd*, *J* = 15.1, 8.2, H-2), 1.47 (4H, *m*, H-4, H-5), 1.30 (20H, *s*, H-6 to H-15), 0.90 (3H, *t*, *J* = 7.2, H-16). 13C-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD): 176.1 (C-1), 69.5 (C-3), 43.5 (C-2), 38.3 (C-4), 33.2 (C-14), 30.9-30.6 (8C, C-6 to C-13), 26.8 (C-5), 23.9 (C-15), 14.6 (C-16). HR-ESI-MS: 271.2274 ([M <sup>−</sup> H]- , C16H31O3 - ; calc. 271.2279), 543.4611 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C32H63O6 −; calc. 543.4630).

**(***R***)-3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoic acid (4)**: White powder. [α]D<sup>20</sup> <sup>=</sup> <sup>−</sup>20 (c <sup>=</sup> 0.1, chloroform). 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 3.96 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-3), 2.43 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 15.1, 4.7, H-2), 2.35 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 15.2, 8.2, H-2), 1.53 (1H, *non*, *J* = 6.7, H-15), 1.47 (2H, *m*, H-4), 1.30 (18H, *s*, H-5 to H-12), 1.18 (2H, *m*, H-14), 0.88 (6H, *d*, *J* = 6.6, H-16, H-17). 13C-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 176.5 (C-1), 69.7 (C-3), 43.7 (C-2), 40.4 (C-14), 38.3 (C-4), 31.2-30.9 (7C, C-6 to C-12), 29.3 (C-15), 28.7 (C-12), 26.8 (C-5), 23.2 (2C, C-15, C-16). HR-ESI-MS: 285.2431 ([M − H]−, C17H33O3 <sup>−</sup>; calc. 285.2435), 571.4926 ([2M <sup>−</sup> H]−, C34H67O6 −; calc. 571.4943).

**(***R***)-3-hydroxy-15-methylhexadecanoic acid (4)**: White powder. [α]D<sup>20</sup> <sup>=</sup> <sup>−</sup>20 (c <sup>=</sup> 0.1, chloroform). 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 3.96 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-3), 2.43 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 15.1, 4.7, H-2), 2.35 (1H, *dd*, *<sup>J</sup>* <sup>=</sup> 15.2, 8.2, H-2), 1.53 (1H, *non*, *J* = 6.7, H-15), 1.47 (2H, *m*, H-4), 1.30 (18H, *s*, H-5 to H-12), 1.18 (2H, *m*, H-14), 0.88 (6H, *d*, *J* = 6.6, H-16, H-17). 13C-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 176.5 (C-1), 69.7 (C-3), 43.7 (C-2), 40.4 (C-14), 38.3 (C-4), 31.2-30.9 (7C, C-6 to C-12), 29.3 (C-15), 28.7 (C-12), 26.8 (C-5), 23.2 (2C, C-15, C-16). HR-ESI-MS: 285.2431 ([M − H]−, C17H33O3 <sup>−</sup>; calc. 285.2435), 571.4926 ([2M <sup>−</sup> H]−, C34H67O6 −; calc. 571.4943).

**(***R***)-3-hydroxy-13-methyltetradecanoic acid (5)**: White powder. [α]D<sup>20</sup> <sup>=</sup> <sup>−</sup>15 (c <sup>=</sup> 0.1, chloroform). 1H-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD): 3.89 (1H, *<sup>s</sup>*, H-3), 2.33 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-2), 2.24 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-2), 1.52 (1H, *<sup>m</sup>*, H-13), 1.45 (4H, *s*, H-4, H-5), 1.30 (12H, *s*), 1.18 (2H, *s*, H-12), 0.88 (6H, *d*, *J* = 6.6, H-14, H-15). 13C-NMR (600

MHz, CD3OD): 176.5 (C-1), 70.4 (C-3), 45.3 (C-2), 40.4 (C-12), 38.2 (C-4), 31.2-30.9 (5C, C-6 to C-10), 29.3 (C-13), 28.7 (C-11), 26.8 (C-5), 23.1 (2C, C-14, C-15). HR-ESI-MS: 257.2101 ([M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C15H29O3 −; calc. 257.2122), 515.4285 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C30H59O6 −; calc. 515.4317).

**13-methyltetradecanoic acid (6)**: White powder. 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 2.27 (1H, t, *J* = 7.4, H-2), 1.60 (1H, m, H-3), 1.52 (1H, *non*, *J* = 6.6, H-13), 1.30 (16H, s, H-4 to H-11), 1.18 (1H, m, H-12), 0.88 (6H, d, *J* = 6.7, H-14, H-15). 13C-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 177.9 (C-1), 40.4 (C-11), 35.2 (C-2), 31.2-30.4 and 28.7 (8C, C-4 to C-10), 29.3 (C-13), 26.3 (C-3), 23.2 (2C, C-14, C-15). HR-ESI-MS: 241.2168 ([M − H]−, C15H29O2 <sup>−</sup>; calc. 241.2173), 483.4432 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C30H59O4 −; calc. 483.4419).

**9***Z***-hexadecenoic acid (7)**: yellow oily liquid. 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 5.35 (2H, dt, *J* = 11.3, 6.2, H-9, H-10), 2.27 (2H, t, *J* = 7.5, C-2), 2.03 (4H, m, H-8, H-11), 1.60 (2H, m, H-3), 1.33 (16H, s), 0.90 (3H, t, *J* = 6.9, H-16). 13C-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 178.0 (C-1), 131.1 (C-10), 130.9 (C-11), 35.3 (C-2), 33.1 (C-14), 31.0 (*s*, C-13), 31.0-30.2 (5C, C-4 to C-8), 28.3 (2C, C-9, C-12), 26.3 (C-3), 23.9 (C-15), 14.6 (C-16). HR-ESI-MS: 255.2326 ([M + H]<sup>+</sup>, C16H31O2 <sup>+</sup>; calc. 255.2319), 253.2164 ([M <sup>−</sup> H]−, C16H29O2 −; calc. 253.2162), 507.4426 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C32H59O4 −; calc. 507.4408).

**15-methyl-9***Z***-hexadecenoic acid (8)**: yellow oily liquid. 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 5.35 (2H, dt, *J* = 11.3, 6.2, H-10, H-11), 2.27 (2H, t, *J* = 7.4, H-2), 2.04 (4H, m, H-9, H-12), 1.60 (2H, m, H-3), 1.53 (1H, *non*, *J* = 6.7, H-15), 1.33 (12H, s), 1.19 (2H, m, H-14), 0.88 (6H, d, *J* = 6.6, H-16, H-17). 13C-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD): 177.9 (C-1), 131.0 (2C, C-10, C-11), 40.3 (C-14), 35.2 (C-2), 31.3-30.3 (5C, C-4 to C-8), 29.3 (C-15), 28.3 (2C, C-9, C-11), 28.3 (C-13), 26.3 (C-3), 23.2 (2C, C-16, C-17). HR-ESI-MS: 269.2484 ([M + H]<sup>+</sup>, C17H33O2 <sup>+</sup>; calc. 269.2475), 267.2334 ([M <sup>−</sup> H]−, C17H31O2 −; calc. 267.2330), 535.4756 ([2M − H]<sup>−</sup>, C16H31O2 −; calc. 535.4721).

#### *4.9. Preparation of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs)*

Preparation of FAMEs was carried out based on methanolysis/methylation using conc. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) as described by Ichihara and Fukubayashi [27]. A solution of 8.0% (*w*/*v*) HCl was obtained by diluting conc. HCl (37%, *w*/*w*; 9.1 mL) in methanol (40.9 mL). Each fatty acid was dissolved in toluene to reach a concentration of 0.005 g/mL. Then, methanol (7.5-fold) and 8.0% HCl solution (1.5-fold) were added sequentially to this solution. The solution was stirred at 45◦C overnight. After cooling at room temperature, hexane (5-fold) and water (5-fold) were added for the extraction of FAMEs. HCl (37%, *w*/*w*) was purchased from Carlo Erba©.

FAMEs were then diluted in CH2Cl2 to a concentration of 2 mg/mL and then were diluted in CH3CN to the concentration 200 μg/mL. These solutions were analysed by MS/MS on a Q-ToF 6540 mass spectrometer (Agilent, Les Ulis, France) by direct introduction at a flow rate of 10 μL/min and using an APCI (Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization) ion source in the positive mode. The corona current was set to 2 μA, the nebulizer pressure was 60 psig and 8 L/min nitrogen flow heated at 300 ◦C was used for desolvation. Capillary, fragmentor and skimmer voltages were set to 3000 V, 100 V, and 45 V, respectively. CH2Cl2 and CH3CN were purchased from J.T. Baker©. The MS/MS collision energy was 15 (arbitrary units).

#### *4.10. Determination of Minimal Inhibitory Concentration*

The ATCC strains were purchased from the Pasteur Institute. The strain used in this study was methicillin-resistant *S. aureus* ATCC33591. Extracts, fractions and pure compounds were tested according to the reference protocol of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing [28]. The standard microdilution test as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines (M7-A8) was used to determine minimal inhibition concentrations (MIC) against bacteria [29]. Crude extracts and pure compounds were tested at concentrations ranging from 256 to 0.5 μg/mL. The microplates were incubated at 35 ◦C, and MIC values were calculated after 24 h. The MIC values reported in Table S2 refer to the lowest concentration preventing visible growth in the wells. All assays were conducted in triplicate.
