**5. Discussion and Conclusions**

This paper evaluates the differences between e-skills and e-activities between Romania and the EU28 level and the best-in-class group and analyzes the correlations between e-skills and e-activities among the three presented zones. The findings showed that by using simulation and a mathematical function and Excel data analysis, the specialists could observe a more comprehensive image of the data regarding the impact of e-skills on e-activities (as mentioned above). The research highlighted the existence of important differences between the three analyzed zones at the level of e-activities. The empirical results showed that there is a positive and very strong relationship between the analyzed variables. The results obtained could be important and of real use for specialists in the field, the economy as a whole, and for organizations as well as their employees. The simulation allowed us to see the correlation between the analyzed variables and describe the impact it could have on different EU zones. The model was based on a set of data collected between 2015 and 2019, for three zones, outlining the negative or positive, strong, moderate, or weak correlations between e-skills and e-activities, developed in the new digitized world.

By implementing simulation and modeling, any organization can improve its performance and become sustainable. The benefits of the two processes can be brought into organizations, including the opportunity to work in teams, to work in a virtual world with real results, to analyze real data and behaviors, to observe future simulated data and behaviors, to help identify problems and find timely solutions, to help develop future improvement plans (in our case, to increase the level of e-skills in order to improve e-activities, due to great value of relation), to help achieve objectives and offer results which help forecast changes and challenges, and to forecast performance by determining some possible events, which are easy to implement, modify and test, without risks and costs.

As a result of the analysis of the data presented in the tables above, the following characteristics for each analyzed e-activity are observed:


• For e-development, Romania has values between 3 and 4 (2015 to 2019) as compared with the average of the EU28 (6 to 10 between 2015 and 2019), and the analyzed group between 12 and 21 (2015 to 2019) for e-development.

The analysis of the e-skill and e-activity indicators showed that for Romania the values were low as compared with those from the EU28 and from the best-in-class group. We observed low values compared with the values recorded in the group, the difference between them being important (for e-communication 43/94 and for e-skills 31/79) and very important (for e-recruitment 5/37, for e-development 3/21, for e-banking 8/91, for e-commerce 33/89), therefore, hypothesis H1 is completely fulfilled.

To achieve the objective, we also used the correlation between the analyzed variables and Excel data analysis in order to observe the differences among the three established zones for analysis, i.e. the EU28 level, Romania, and the best-in-class group.

The analysis of the correlation for the three analyzed zones showed the following:


Analyzing the correlations between e-skills and e-activities, we found that at the EU28 level, there are only strong and positive correlations (between 0.76 and 0.98); at the best-in-class level there are some weak (between −0.78 and -0.01) or average, and most are strong and very strong correlations (till 0.97); and at the Romanian level there are one very weak correlation (−0.81), one weak correlation (−0.29), one nonexistent (0), one average correlation (0.64), and another very strong correlation (0.91). At the Romanian level the correlations are between −1 and +1, and for the analyzed group, most are positive and strong. Thus, H2, i.e., there is a correlation between e-skills and e-activities, is not totally fulfilled because, again, Romania is showing an important gap which must be overcome by strong long-term planning and strong policy activity, as we mentioned above.

Based on this study, future work directions may be taken in consideration by integrating this relationship strength - between e-skills and e-activities - into other applications and not only in a EU zone or group of analysis and comparison, but to other zones, as international or global or other research fields.

Obtaining new e-skills helps achieve sustainable individual and organizational performance by implementing better interdisciplinary team work, to obtain lower costs, greater speed, greater interaction, connectivity, and collaboration, better learning and development, improved processes based on the principle anytime, anywhere, anyhow, and anyone, according to the principle 24/7/365.

A more thorough analysis could be made of each European area, of each European country, or of any situation considered to be important from a macroeconomic or microeconomic standpoint, drawing conclusions, making decisions in order to overcome difficult situations, risks or any problem which could affect the increasing trend of these new forms of digitized activities. This process would not try to replace the traditional processes, but improve them by developing new ways to solve problems, reduce costs, improve processes, achieve better collaboration and relationships, without any borders, anytime, and anywhere.

**Author Contributions:** M.C.D.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Writing—Original Draft, Project administration. N.V.F.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Software, Calculation, Validation, Writing—Original Draft, Translation. A.D.: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing—Original Draft, Investigation, Supervision. I.A.T.: Conceptualization, Supervision, Review, Translation & Editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research received a partial funding from Valahia University of Targoviste; thanks to the management for their support!

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
