*Article* **Involvement of Salicylic Acid in Anthracnose Infection in Tea Plants Revealed by Transcriptome Profiling**

**Yun-Long Shi 1, Yue-Yue Sheng 1, Zhuo-Yu Cai 1, Rui Yang 1, Qing-Sheng Li 1, Xu-Min Li 1, Da Li 1, Xiao-Yuan Guo 1, Jian-Liang Lu 1, Jian-Hui Ye 1, Kai-Rong Wang 2, Long-Jie Zhang 2, Yue-Rong Liang 1,\* and Xin-Qiang Zheng 1,\***


Received: 9 April 2019; Accepted: 16 May 2019; Published: 17 May 2019

**Abstract:** Anthracnose is a major leaf disease in tea plant induced by *Colletotrichum*, which has led to substantial losses in yield and quality of tea. The molecular mechanism with regards to responses or resistance to anthracnose in tea remains unclear. A de novo transcriptome assembly dataset was generated from healthy and anthracnose-infected leaves on tea cultivars "Longjing-43" (LJ43) and "Zhenong-139" (ZN139), with 381.52 million pair-end reads, encompassing 47.78 billion bases. The unigenes were annotated versus Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) non-redundant protein sequences (Nr), evolutionary genealogy of genes: Non-supervised Orthologous Groups (eggNOG) and Swiss-prot. The number of differential expression genes (DEGs) detected between healthy and infected leaves was 1621 in LJ43 and 3089 in ZN139. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were highly enriched in catalytic activity, oxidation-reduction, cell-wall reinforcement, plant hormone signal transduction and plant-pathogen interaction. Further studies by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that expression of genes involved in endogenous salicylic acid biosynthesis and also accumulation of foliar salicylic acid are involved in the response of tea plant to anthracnose infection. This study firstly provided novel insight in salicylic acid acting as a key compound in the responses of tea plant to anthracnose disease. The transcriptome dataset in this study will facilitate to profile gene expression and metabolic networks associated with tea plant immunity against anthracnose.

**Keywords:** anthracnose; tea plant; salicylic acid; *Camellia sinensis*; plant immunity; RNA sequencing; PR1; plant-pathogen interaction
