**5. Conclusions**

Narrow groove welds in API X80 were fabricated using the standard GMAW and the CW-GMAW to assess the process feasibility using CW-GMAW for a joint with 4 mm gap. Taking into account the results discussed, the following conclusions can be drawn:


**Author Contributions:** R.A.R. conceived, designed, and performed the experiments; P.D.C.A. assisted with measurements and data collection; E.B.F.D.S., A.A.C.F. and E.M.B. contributed to the discussion of the experimental data; R.A.R. wrote the manuscript; and A.P.G. interpreted results and revised the manuscript.

**Funding:** The authors acknowledge Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and TransCanada Pipelines Ltd. for the financial support.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to acknowledge the Centre for Advanced Materials Joining (CAMJ) of the University of Waterloo, for the use of its facilities where all the welds were performed.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest. The founding sponsors had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results.
