*2.2. Introduction to the Case Study*

The case study under analysis regards the reuse of the unused monastery Ex Ritiro del Carmine in the Campania region (Italy).

The ancient building is located in the old town of the municipality of Mugnano di Napoli, a town located in the northern area of the Metropolitan City of Naples. The city has approximately 35,000 inhabitants and is directly dependent on the City of Naples, where the main activities and public services are located. The municipality's future development strategy establishes the conservation and enhancement of the old town together with the creation of new residential areas and public services [44].

The monastery was built as an orphanage for girls in 1818 [45,46], far from the city center of that time. The growth of the congregation led to incremental construction: In 1860, the ground floor was completed, and the Church of Santa Maria del Carmine was built as an annex to it. In 1937, the original order left the building, which was acquired by a new congregation who enlarged the monastery building with two other floors and established a private elementary school. The order left the monastery in 2003 after many years of intense activity. The municipality acquired the monastery in 2010, even though it has been unused since 2003.

As mentioned above, the building is located in the old town, far from the main roads, in a quiet place alongside a by-road. The complex is composed of four main parts: the monastery, the church, the theater, and the garden. It is important to underline that the church is still open and is not part of the municipality project (Figure 2).

**Figure 2.** The monastery of Ex Ritiro del Carmine in the Campania region (Italy).

The monastery itself has three levels and a central courtyard, while the garden is on the western side together with the theater. On the ground floor (approx. GEA 1000 m2), there are the entrance hall, the reception, the porch, the kindergarten, the kitchen, and the canteen; on the first floor (approx. GEA 850 m2), there are the nuns' bedrooms; on the second floor (approx. GEA 800 m2), there are the classrooms and two other bedrooms.

### **3. Results**

### *3.1. Problem Definition*

The definition of the criteria is a process, which follows a hierarchical logic. Starting from the dialogue with the DM, the list of subcriteria are formulated by the technicians and reflect the DM's objectives and needs. For each fixed criterion, more specific elements are defined: the subcriteria are measurable and index-linked with the specific dimensions of the projects.

In our case study, the DM showed the intention of pursuing the social-sustainability-based criteria mentioned by the most appropriate references [13,47,48]. This vision is elaborated in a holistic view and includes the enhancement of social objectives, economic objectives, and urban development. At this high-level stage of project development, no specific environmental issues are considered. Environmental implications should be addressed at the more refined second stage of analysis.

The hierarchical structure of the criteria was formulated by a focus group, in which the different points of view arose and became clearer. The board session allowed the technicians to summarize the information in a limited number of clearly defined criteria. For the analyzed case study, the formulated criteria are represented in a tree chart, as shown in Figure 3.

As Figure 3 illustrates, the criteria identified are more oriented toward social issues and the integration of the building in the urban context. Currently, the main strategic objective of the public administration is to create a new catalyst for the entire urban development process.

The evaluation subcriteria are described below:


In a public project, key stakeholders have to be involved in order to help the DM in making better decisions and improving organization performance. The redevelopment of the monastery aims to enhance the welfare of the whole population of the municipality. For this reason, the population is divided into several groups in order to involve every social party.

As defined in [49], stakeholders are any group of people, organized or not, who share common interests, values, and behaviors and who can affect or be affected by the outcomes of the project. The representative groups are selected by the technicians to address all the social components involved in the project [50].

Here, the selected groups were


These groups were involved in the process to evaluate the developed alternative in order to understand the level of consensus among them on the rank order evaluation.
