*2.3. Lytic Reactivation by RT-qPCR*

Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to measure lytic gene expression. RNA was extracted from cells using the ReliaPrep system (Promega, Madison, WI, USA). Primers used to detect the expression of BZLF1 were AGCAGACATTGGTGTTCCAC (forward) and CATTCCTCCAGCGATTCTG (reverse); for BRLF1 they were CCATACAGGACACAACACCTCA (forward) and ACTCCCGGCTGTAAATTCCT (reverse); and for BMLF1, GGAGGAGGATGAAGA TCCAA (forward) and TTTCTGGGAATCACAAACGA (reverse). The RT-qPCR utilized the iScript SYBR green RT-qPCR kit (Bio-Rad). Expression levels were normalized to 18S RNA, present at consistent levels among cells.

#### *2.4. Statistical Analysis*

Data are reported as the average of the number of biological replicates noted in the figure legends. The values are displayed as the mean ± standard deviation. Values are either the fold increase compared to the untreated control or the percent of maximum lytic reactivation by the inducing agent. To determine the differences among treatments, *p*-values were calculated using a paired *t*-test in R 3.3.3 of the quantitation cycle (ΔCq) values from RT-qPCR. Significant differences were considered when the *p*-value < 0.05.
