*2.2. Sources of Data*

Different datasets were used to establish the WEAP hydrological model for the study basin (Table 1). These data include the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Awash River Basin, hydrological, climate, remote sensing, and water consumptions. All the necessary data for this manuscript were provided after quality control. The stations were also selected based on completeness of the data during the study periods. The land use data were obtained from the Awash River Basin master plan office. Previous studies also obtained the raw data from the same place for their research works.


**Table 1.** Input datasets of the water evaluation and planning (WEAP) modeling in the Awash River Basin.

The climatic data such as precipitation, temperature, wind speed, and humidity were collected from the Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency (NMA). The streamflow/discharge data was acquired from the department of water resources and hydrology, which was used for calibration and validation of the basin. Water use, population, and other data were collected from various socioeconomic surveys and the statistical agency of Ethiopia, which are essential to analyze the water demand, water coverage, and unmet demand of water in the basin. The irrigation water demand of irrigated sites was also obtained from the basin authority office, as well as literature to compute the water requirement and water scarcity.
