4.1.1. PLCC-Based Methods

The PLCC-based methods allow a continuous test of the grid connection. A continuous carrier is adopted [84–87] and all the PVSs are equipped with a receiver. When the grid breaker Sg is opened as a consequence of grid disconnection, the receivers do not catch signals and the islanding condition is detected. The PLCC-based techniques are particularly resilient to noise since the PVSs inverters switching frequencies do not influence the PLCC signals.
