*3.2. Traded Volumes*

The traded total volumes in the sub-markets (depicted in Figure 3) show a similar trend to TSWs: As more and more energy bids become uncertain and some of them do not meet the MSCs thus are disregarded. In contrast, with the increasing number of SRDBs, the demand ion the reserve sub-markets is increasing as the parameter *u* is decreased.

**Figure 3.** (**a**) Total traded volume of the energy sub-market as the parameter *u* is decreased. (**b**) Total traded volumes of the reserve sub-markets as the parameter *u* is decreased.

## *3.3. Market Clearing Prices*

Regarding the MCPs in different scenarios of the simulation, Figure 4 depicts the results.

The monotone rise in the reserve MCPs depicted in the second plot of Figure 4 may be explained by the increasing demand in the reserve sub-markets: The number of SRDBs, thus reserve demand increases with the number of uncertain energy bids. The effect of this phenomena on the MCP of energy (depicted in the first plot of Figure 4) is however twofold: Here bids become unacceptable due to increasingly occurring MSCs on both the demand and supply side. As the extent of 'lost' bids in supply/demand side potentially changes in every step, the change of MCP can not be predicted.

**Figure 4.** (**a**) Market clearing price (*MCP<sup>E</sup>*) of the energy sub-market as the parameter *u* is decreased. (**b**) Market clearing prices of reserve sub-markets (*MCPR*<sup>+</sup>/*MCPR*−) as the parameter *u* is decreased.
