4.2.1. Comparison

As shown in Figure 17, the simulation figure is compared with the experimental figure. It can be seen that the simulation curves are basically consistent with the test curves. The initial load is basically equal with the ultimate load. The residual load has a slight error, which is within ±0.2 MPa and is reasonable. This is consistent with the test showing that SRRC-4, SRRC-7, and SRRC-8 belong to Type (I), with the rest of the specimens belonging to Type (II).

**Figure 17.** *Cont*.

**Figure 17.** Simulation and test curves of τ-s: (**a**) SRRC-1; (**b**) SRRC-2; (**c**) SRRC-3; (**d**) SRRC-4; (**e**) SRRC-5; (**f**) SRRC-6; (**g**) SRRC-7; (**h**) SRRC-8; (**i**) SRRC-9.

It can be seen that the simulation results of initial bond strength, ultimate bond strength, and residual bond strength are basically equal with the test results. In the limit state, the slip value corresponding to the characteristic bond strength is larger than the test value, and the difference is within 0.15–0.65 mm. The slip value is close to the test value in the residual state, and the difference is within 0–0.15 mm.

In order to further verify the reliability of the simulation results, the experimental data in Chen et al. [24] and Yang et al. [40] were simulated by the numerical simulation method used in this study, and similar results were obtained.

## 4.2.2. Error Analysis

There are two reasons that the slip value corresponding to the characteristic bond strength is larger than the test value in the limited state:

