2.3.2. NIOSH Centers of Excellence for TWH

In addition to NIOSH TWH research activity, the bulk of TWH research is conducted by NIOSH-funded extramural Centers of Excellence for TWH (Figure 2), located in the U.S.; each of their websites provides a wealth of information, tools, resources, and peer-reviewed papers on the effectiveness of TWH [22]. These centers are uniquely qualified to be among the leaders in the field of TWH and are crucial to gaining knowledge that can help workers, employers, and communities.

**Figure 2.** NIOSH Centers of Excellence for *Total Worker Health*®.

In 2006 and 2007, NIOSH funded three centers: the Healthier Workforce Center of the Midwest (University of Iowa), the Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace (University of Massachusetts—Lowell and University of Connecticut), and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health's Center for Work, Health, and Well-Being (Harvard University). In 2011, NIOSH funded a fourth center: the Oregon Healthy Workforce Center (Oregon Health and Science University). In 2016, NIOSH funded two more centers: the Center for Health, Work & Environment (University of Colorado); and the Center for Healthy Work (University of Illinois–Chicago). Ongoing coordination with the Centers of Excellence for TWH in the areas of mutual interest continues to be a critical partnership to complement intramural efforts.
