**4. Conclusions**

Current evidence supports the deepened exploration of RA as a promising therapeutic agen<sup>t</sup> against a wide variety of modern lifestyle disorders (Table 1). However, mechanisms underlying RA's therapeutic activity need further investigation. Initial studies indicate that RA may act through various mechanisms, such as exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant e ffects as well as inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, and selectively inducing cancer cells apoptosis. In addition, RA's anti-angiogenic e ffects, as demonstrated through human umbilical vein endothelial cells proliferation, migration, adhesion, and tube formation inhibition, sugges<sup>t</sup> that it can be beneficial in preventing tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, given the above-highlighted aspects, rosemary extract can be conceived as a rich source of potential candidates to be included in the diet with promising effects at pre-determined doses, avoiding toxicity.


**Table 1.** Bioactive effects of rosmarinic acid.




**Table 1.** *Cont*.

**Author Contributions:** All authors contributed to the manuscript. Conceptualization: M.I., M.N. and J.S.-R.; Validation investigation, resources, data curation, writing: all authors; review and editing: B.S., J.S.-R., W.C.C. and N.M. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.
