**3. Experiments**

#### *3.1. JLBL-1*

A corrosion test was performed with the JLBL-1 loop as specified in detail by Kikuchi et al. [36,37]. Flow in the loop is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 4. The main circulating loop consists of an electromagnetic pump (EMP), a heater, a testing tube at high temperature (shown in Figure 5), LBE filters, a surge tank, a cooler, an electromagnetic flow meter (EMF), a surface-level meter, thermocouples, an observation window, and a drain tank. The JLBL-1 loop, including its main components, was manufactured by Sukegawa electric Co., Ltd., Takahagi, Japan. The LBE filters consist of thin, curling 430 SS foils. The EMP is linear inductive and has an annular channel. The EMF has two electrodes in contact with the LBE that detect electromotive force in the magnetic fields.

The tube and tanks that come into contact with lead–bismuth in the loop are made of 316L SS, and the tubes in the circulating loop, except for the testing tube, are 2.5 mm-thick cold-drawn products

with an outer diameter of 27.2 mm. This means that the maximum velocity of the LBE will occur in the high-temperature specimen. The chemical composition of LBE is Pb-45/Bi-55 (wt %).

**Figure 4.** Flow diagram of JLBL-1.

**Figure 5.** Geometry of specimen tubing.
