*4.4. Applicability of the Developed Workflow*

The developed workflow provided geo-referenced boundary maps in a format compliant with the formats that are used in GIS environments. This shows that the extracted objects can be easily transferable, and applicable in GIS for cadastral purposes. In cases where cadastral maps are rarely present and the concept of fit-for-purpose cadastre is in place, the workflow, with the selected method for automatic extraction of visible boundaries, shows the potential for the automation of the visible cadastral boundary delineation procedure [1]. Thus, the approach developed generally contributes to the acceleration and facilitation of the creation of cadastral maps (Figure 9b), especially in developing countries, where general boundaries are accepted, and positional accuracy is of lesser importance [25]. However, the approach is suitable for the areas where the boundaries of physical objects are visibly detectable on a UAV orthoimage, for instance, in rural areas. The workflow might be applicable for both the creation and updating/revision of cadastral maps, similar to the manual delineations of cadastral boundaries on a UAV orthoimage. In addition, the workflow developed might lower the costs and time compared to the manual delineation of cadastral boundaries, especially in rural areas [26].

Furthermore, in developed countries, the approach based on automatic extraction of visible boundaries might be used for a revision of current cadastral maps (Figure 9a). In this case, the extracted visible boundaries can be used as a basis for a new cadastral survey or land rearrangements, depending on the discrepancy between cadastral maps and land possession (as shown in the case study). Although the beneficiaries agree with the visible boundaries, if higher accuracy is required, the revised objects (spatial units) can later be manually delineated from a UAV orthoimage or re-surveyed with ground-based surveying techniques. It must be emphasized that the extracted visible boundaries, both for the creation of cadastral maps and updating, should be inspected by the local community and all beneficiaries (landowners, other land rights holders) in order to be legally validated.
