• Dentistry

Several authors focused on ergonomically assessing dental students while they were doing their internships. This was done using RULA, sometimes together with other methods or questionnaires. They concluded that there was a high level of risk regarding musculoskeletal disorders [203,211,214]. Ergonomic improvements in this area showed that using a Bambach Saddle armchair resulted in lower risk than when using a conventional chair [223], and that using magnifying glasses was beneficial for adopting lower-risk postures [194].

This type of study was also conducted on dentists to assess their postures. RULA was used in conjunction with other methods in most cases. Marcon et al. [198] compared the difference between using a magnifying glass, a microscope or not using anything at all during operations. They showed that using a microscope led to more harmful postures. In addition, these dentists are usually harmed by the postures they adopt during their tasks. Therefore, it is necessary to establish changes, some of which are required immediately. The most affected parts of the body are the lumbar region and neck [206]. This coincides with that determined by Tirgar et al. [208], although they added that another area affected was the shoulders, as inferred by Rafie et al. [210].

To conclude this group, the ergonomics of dental hygienists were also studied. They used RULA, REBA and the Strain Index. It was concluded that the postures the hygienists adopted contributed to the onset of musculoskeletal disorders [216].

• Other

An ergonomic assessment of workers in an emergency pharmacy was carried out using three methods, including RULA. This led to some improvements in their work [205]. Another series of improvements was made for women workers in the biomedical field. An intervention was carried out based on changes to the workplace and recommendations. According to RULA, this was beneficial as it led to lower scores for more than half of the postures [226]. Finally, methods for analysing ergonomics in health-related jobs were studied. It was concluded that RULA could be used to attain more accurate results [202].
