2.6.1. Urinary Tract Infection

Estimates of the treatment effectiveness on the occurrence of UTIs were informed by 10 studies [7–9,11–16,23,24]. The RE model revealed that OnabotulinumtoxinA was associated with a higher incidence of UTIs compared with the placebo, SNM, and PTNS (Table 3). The ranking results for the post-management risk of UTIs was as follows: PTNS ranked best, SNM ranked second, placebo ranked third, and OnabotulinumtoxinA ranked worst (Figure 3C).

#### 2.6.2. Urine Retention Needing Clean Intermittent Catheterization

Estimates on the effect of treatments on post-management urine retention were reported in 11 studies [7–16,23,24]. The RE model demonstrated that OnabotulinumtoxinA was associated with a higher occurrence of post-treatment urine retention needing catherization compared with the placebo, SNM, and PTNS (Table 3). The ranking results for post-management risk of post-treatment urine retention was as follows: SNM ranked best, placebo ranked second, PTNS ranked third, and OnabotulinumtoxinA ranked worst (Figure 3D).
