*4.1. Preparation of AG Extract*

The dried AG root was purchased from the Junbu, Bonghwa, and Jecheon area and authenticated by professor Hui Jin. A voucher specimen was deposited in the Myongji Bioefficiency Research Center, Myongji University. AG was immersed in 70% ethanol and boiled for 4 h at 90 ◦C, 2 times. Then, filtered extracts were concentrated up to 25 Brix at 60 ◦C by depressurized evaporation, and then stored at 4 ◦C before using. The crude extract yield was 42.1% (*w*/*w*). The extract was dissolved in distilled water for administration into animals. HPLC was used to examine whether extracts contained nodakenin and decursin (Figure S2).
