*2.2. Animals Grouping and Drugs Administration*

Male mice (C57BL/6N, *n* = 60, mice 25 ± 3 g, eight old weeks) were acclimatized to the animal house environment for one week, at 12/12 h light/dark cycles at room temperature. The study was approved and conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, South Korea (approval ID: 125). Efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used, as well as their suffering. The mice were randomly divided into three groups. (1) The control group mice were treated with an equal volume of vehicle intraperitoneally (physiological saline 0.1 mL/100 g/day) for six weeks, and the mice were freely allowed water and food ad-libitum. (2) The ethanol group mice were treated with an intraperitoneal injection of ethanol for six weeks (5 g/kg i.p., for six weeks, daily). (3) The ethanol and curcumin group mice were treated with curcumin 50 mg/kg for six weeks, daily. The doses of ethanol and curcumin were purely selected on the bases of previously published papers [22]. After the completion of the treatment and behavioral analysis, the mice were sacrificed.
