*3.4. Statistical Analysis*

The data were calculated using Excel 2016 (Microsoft Inc., Redmond, WA, USA). Univariate analysis of variance was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0 (International Business Machines Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA), and Probit regression model was established to calculate EC50, LC50, LD50 and 95% confidence intervals. The Duncan method was used to analyse significant di fferences at *p* < 0.05 of each group.
