*2.1. Materials and Chemicals*

Dendrocalamus membranaceus Munro (white bamboo, ~3 years) from Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam was used as a micron-size fiber resource. Gama-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MEMO silane) was purchased from Evonik Industries (Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam). All other chemicals, including alkali hydroxide, urea, and ethanol, were of reagent grade (Xilong Chemical Co. Ltd, Guangdong, China). All aqueous solutions were prepared using distilled water.
