*Article* **A Numerical Study on the Crack Development Behavior of Rock-Like Material Containing Two Intersecting Flaws**

### **Bing Dai 1, Ying Chen 1,\*, Guoyan Zhao 2, Weizhang Liang 2,\* and Hao Wu 2**


Received: 31 October 2019; Accepted: 10 December 2019; Published: 11 December 2019

**Abstract:** It is quite often that rocks contain intersecting cracks. Therefore, crack behavior cannot be completely studied by only considering several isolated, single flaws. To investigate the crack behavior of rock or rock-like material containing intersecting flaws under uniaxial loading, numerical simulations were carried out using parallel bonded-particle models containing two intersecting flaws with different inclination angles (varying β) and different intersection angles (varying αα). The crack propagation processes are analyzed and two typical patterns of linkage are observed between two intersecting flaws: (1) One-tip-linkage that contains three subtypes: Coalescence position near the tip; coalescence position at the flaw, but far away from the tip; coalescence position outside the flaw at a certain distance from the tip; and (2) two-tip-linkage with two subtypes: Straight linkage and arc linkage. The geometries of flaws influence the coalescence type. Moreover, the effects of intersection angle α and inclination angle β on the peak stress, the stress of crack initiation, and the stress of crack coalescence are also investigated in detail.

**Keywords:** crack growth behavior; particle model; intersecting flaws; uniaxial compression
