**5. Conclusions**

To summarise the experiment discussed in the article, it can be stated that it enabled the achievement of its initial research goal—namely, determining the utility of eye tracking in architecture. The use of the case study method, along with the selection of research material in the form of the visualisations of two works of architecture by acclaimed designers, which were present on the photographs and framed from different perspectives as surrounded by competing buildings and elements, was justified from the point of view of visual perception analysis. Furthermore, it was proved that population selection in terms of its size and determining its socio-demographic characteristics along with the adopted analysis scenario featuring descriptive statistic metrics enables the description of typical observations concerning attractors and distractors and their determinants based on an analysis of a real-world case.

The presented findings collected during the authors' experiment and the analysis of the state of the art concerning the application potential of eye tracking in studies of architecture provide evidence of said potential in urban design, architecture and landscape architecture. Also notable is the significance of knowledge about the visual perception of various works of architecture, whether contemporary or historical, which are located in different spaces, landscapes, are surrounded by people and various forms of infrastructure—knowledge that could be obtained through this method. This knowledge can prove useful in formulating design assumptions for contemporary architecture and heritage preservation, as well as in the education of future architects and society.

Depending on specific research goals, eye tracking—utilising either stationary or mobile devices, as well as the use of this method in combination with research tools from other methods—can be considered to be highly useful. Studies of visual perception can be comprehensively conducted using tools associated with research methods from the social sciences sociology, cognitive psychology, management) and medicine (electroencephalography—EEG). Such studies can allow us to investigate not only the visual perception of works of architecture and their surroundings in terms of objectivised numerical data, but also to learn the expectations, preferences and state of awareness concerning the knowledge and attitudes of subjects, e.g., representatives of various social groups.

Knowledge of the perception and evaluation of contemporary and historical architecture by city residents is important and should be the focus of studies within the framework of integrated city governance. It requires public participation in all types of action, including the implementation of the "Creating and ensuring high-quality public spaces" strategy adopted in the "LEIPZIG CHARTER on Sustainable European Cities" [54]. The implementation of this strategy through good construction standards ("Baukultur") is particularly important in the preservation of architectural heritage. It allows the multi-aspect use of eye tracking in architecture and governance.

**Author Contributions:** Both authors are responsible of the whole article and participated equally in the research process. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

**Funding:** This research was funded by Cracow University of Economics and Cracow University of Technology.

**Acknowledgments:** This publication has received funding from a subsidy given to the University of Economics in Krakow.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
