*Article* **Generalized Self-Efficacy, Dispositional Optimism, and Illness Acceptance in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome**

### **Ewa Rzo ´nca 1, Grazyna Iwanowicz-Palus ˙ 1, Agnieszka Bie ´n 1,\*, Artur Wdowiak 2, Ryszard Szyma ´nski 3 and Gustaw Chołubek 2**


Received: 12 October 2018; Accepted: 4 November 2018; Published: 7 November 2018

**Abstract:** Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common chronic endocrinopathies affecting between 5 and 10% of reproductive age women. A diagnosis of PCOS very often causes a deterioration in the woman's self-esteem and self-image, and consequently her quality of life (QoL). The purpose of the study was to investigate generalized self-efficacy, dispositional optimism and acceptance of illness in women with PCOS and to explore factors that affect these variables. The study was performed between January and November 2016 among women with PCOS using health care services. The study used a diagnostic survey with questionnaires. The research instruments included the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), the Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R), the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), and a standardized interview questionnaire. Among the PCOS patients studied, the mean score for generalized self-efficacy was 28.74 ( ±5.16), dispositional optimism—13.56 ( ±4.28), and acceptance of illness—27.90 ( ±7.74). The respondents' generalized self-efficacy was determined by their residence, education, socio-economic standing, BMI, and time from diagnosis (*p* < 0.05), while socio-economic standing was a determinant of dispositional optimism (*p* < 0.05). Determinants of illness acceptance in women with PCOS included their residence, socio-economic standing, and time from diagnosis (*p* < 0.05). Increased generalized self-efficacy and dispositional optimism contributed to more illness acceptance in PCOS patients. The present study, compared with others on the subject, will enable specialists providing care to women with PCOS to gain a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the situation and condition of their patients. It will also allow for a better response to the needs of PCOS patients, and provide them with individualized, holistic specialist care, diagnostics, and treatment.

**Keywords:** polycystic ovary syndrome; self-efficacy; optimism; acceptance of illness
