*2.4. Socioeconomic Deprivation Index*

To characterize the level of socioeconomic deprivation at the census block scale, an index was created (details in another study [52]). The socioeconomic and demographic variables were provided by the 2010 national census at census block level. Briefly, a principal component analysis was used to select 15 variables out of 41 initial socioeconomic and demographic variables. Previous ecological studies have demonstrated this index's ability to capture environment-related socio-spatial inequalities in France [53–55].
