*4.2. Winter Tourism Verification*

To verify the reliability of winter tourism resources, this study obtained the spatial location of winter tourism scenic spots and skiing areas in Jilin Province (Figure 10). Their spatial distribution shows that these spots are mainly concentrated on the snow abundant areas. In addition to Changchun, the winter tourist attractions in the eastern region are obviously more than in the west. This shows a decreasing trend from east to west consistent with the spatial distribution suitability degree obtained in this study. Changchun is provincial capital, which located in the central area of Jilin Province. The snow resources in this area are at a medium level. However, due to its developed economy and good tourism infrastructure, it has grea<sup>t</sup> attraction for winter tourists. The development of scenic spots on other areas is mainly based on the exploitation of ice and snow resources.

**Figure 10.** The number of winter tourism scenic spots and skiing areas in Jilin province.

By comparing these locations with the classification results of this study, Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to measure the results (Equation (11)):

$$k = \frac{p\_0 - p\_c}{1 - p\_c} \tag{11}$$

where *k* is the kappa coefficient, *p*0 is the observed agreemen<sup>t</sup> among raters, and *pc* is the hypothetical probability of chance agreement. By calculating the consistency and coefficient of the actual suitability of winter tourism scenic spots and skiing areas using Equation (7), it is found that k = 0.771 > 0.70, which means that the assessment results are highly consistent with the actual situation.
