*Article* **The Influence of Physical Fitness on Reasons for Academy Separation in Law Enforcement Recruits**

**Robert G. Lockie 1,\*, Katherine Balfany 1, Ashley M. Bloodgood 1, Matthew R. Moreno 1, Karly A. Cesario 1, Joseph M. Dulla 2, J. Jay Dawes 3 and Robin M. Orr 4**


Received: 17 December 2018; Accepted: 27 January 2019; Published: 29 January 2019

**Abstract:** This study analyzed the effects physical fitness may have on reasons for academy separation in law enforcement recruits. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 401 recruits; 330 recruits graduated (GRAD), and 71 recruits separated at various times during academy. Twenty-eight recruits separated for personal reasons (SEPPR); 18 due to physical training failures (i.e., poor fitness) or injury (SEPFI); and 25 due to academic or scenario failures (SEPAS). Fitness testing occurred prior to academy, and included: Push-ups and sit-ups in 60s; a 75-yard pursuit run (75PR); vertical jump; medicine ball throw; and multistage fitness test (MSFT). A one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc compared between-group fitness test performance. A multiple stepwise regression calculated whether recruit characteristics or fitness could predict separation. The GRAD group was younger than the SEPAS group (*p* < 0.01), faster in the 75PR than the SEPFI group (*p* = 0.02), and completed more MSFT shuttles than the SEPPR and SEPFI groups (*p* = 0.01). Age predicted GRAD and SEPAS group inclusion; MSFT predicted GRAD, SEPPR, and SEPFI group inclusion. Recruits who had superior high-intensity running capacity (75PR) and aerobic fitness (MSFT) should have a better chance of completing academy. However, this could be influenced by training practices adopted during academy.

**Keywords:** aerobic capacity; attrition; change-of-direction speed; deputy sheriff; graduation; high-intensity running; police; strength endurance; tactical
