3.3.3. Obsessive–Compulsiveness in AN

Group 1 included only two studies [73,78], which did not find a significant difference between excessive and non-excessive exercisers. However, Blachno et al. [78] found that adolescent patients at high risk of obsessive–compulsive disorder reported more intentional physical activities aimed at weight loss than the non-high-risk group.

Group 2 included seven studies: Obsessive–compulsiveness was found to be associated with PPA in three of these studies [45,50,59,81], with pathologically motivated exercisers reporting more obsessive–compulsive personality characteristics and greater obsessional-compulsive disorder symptoms than non-pathologically motivated exercisers [59]. Surprisingly, Bewell-Weiss and Carter [65], who used a totally different instrument (Padua Inventory, [88]) found that obsessive–compulsiveness was negatively associated with PPA in AN. The remaining two studies [54,56] found no association between obsessive–compulsiveness and PPA. No statistical association was found between obsessive–compulsive traits and addictive personality in childhood and adolescent activity levels of AN patients [50].

### 3.3.4. Self-Esteem and Addictiveness in AN

Self-esteem was found to be positively associated with PPA in patients suffering from AN in Group 2 [65,81]. The study by Davis et al. [50], which is also classified into Group 2, found that an addictive personality in AN significantly predicted the degree to which patients reported obligatory attitudes to exercising. There were no data in the literature regarding BN patients.
