**4. Results**

In this section, the study first shows the measurement modeling results to ensure all measurement items and constructs are statistically reliable and valid for modeling, which includes two steps: (1) the CV and CR assessment, and (2) the DV measurement. The study analyzes the factor loading of each item as well as AVE, CR, CV and heterotrait–monotrait (HTMT) ratio. Then, the study conducts the structural modeling and analysis.
