*4.12. Statistical Analysis*

Data were analyzed using RStudio (version 1.1.456) including R (version 3.6.0). Statistical R software packages included ggplot2 for drawing box, scattering, volcano and violin plots, permcor for calculating permutation-based *p*-values for Pearson correlation [64], pcaMethods for missing value estimation [65], pROC for univariate ROC analysis [66], ROCR for multivariate ROC analysis, AUCRF for feature selection [21], caret for building statistical classifiers [67], randomForest for building a RF classifier, and e1071 for building a SVM classifier.
