**4. Hyperspectral Applications in Agriculture**

Hyperspectral imaging has been used in agriculture for a wide range of purposes, including estimating crop biochemical properties (e.g., chlorophyll, carotenoids, and water contents) and biophysical properties (e.g., LAI, biomass) for understanding vegetation physiological status and predicting yield, evaluating crop nutrient status (e.g., nitrogen deficiency), monitoring crop disease, and investigating soil properties (e.g., soil moisture, soil organic matter, and soil carbon). Previous studies have also summarized some of the above-mentioned applications of hyperspectral remote sensing in precision agriculture [4,84]. In this section, we will thus focus more on recent hyperspectral studies and summarize these studies according to specific applications.
