*3.3. Analysis of Emissions*

The diesel generator consumes fuel to generate polluting gas during the power generation operation, such as CO2, SO2, NOX, etc.

In order to count and reduce the emissions of these gases, it is necessary to reduce the start-up operation of diesel generators, according to the different degrees of different types of pollution to the atmosphere, so the unit gas emission treatment costs are set, similar to the form of a penalty function to generate environmental protection costs, expression as follows [26],

$$C\_{\rm pal} = \sum\_{n} q \rho\_n \cdot V\_n = \sum\_{n} q \rho\_n \cdot V'\_n \cdot P\_{\rm de} \tag{11}$$

where *Cpol* represents environmental protection costs; *n* indicates the type of harmful gas emitted, such as CO2, SO2, etc.; ϕ*n* represents the unit treatment cost of a certain harmful gas; *Vn* indicates harmful gas *n* emissions; *Vn* means diesel generator exhaust gas per unit power. For the purpose of calculation, the emissions from the operation of diesel generators are linearly closed.

After analysis, taking into account that diesel generators have many influencing factors on pollutants emitted during operation, including diesel generators, operating conditions, ambient temperature, and quality of diesel, etc. [28]. In order to facilitate calculation, this article sets the main harmful gas of diesel generators as CO2, SO2 and nitrogen oxides. For detailed parameter settings, see the analysis of examples in this paper. In summary, the objective function established in this part is:

$$\text{minimC} = \min \left[ \mathbf{C}\_{am-pv} + \mathbf{C}\_{am-uvv} + \mathbf{C}\_{dc} + \mathbf{C}\_{am-ess} + \mathbf{C}\_{pol} \right] \tag{12}$$
