*3.5. Bioinformatics Analysis*

Comparative and bioinformatic analyses of the nucleotide sequences and deduced amino acid sequences were carried out online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov and http://cn.expasy.org. The nucleotide sequence, deduced amino acid sequence, and open reading frame (ORF) were analyzed, and sequence comparison was conducted through database searches using BLAST  programs (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) and GeneDoc software. The phylogenetic analysis of *psy* from other plant species was aligned with Clustal X program version 1.83 using default parameters [35] and manual adjustments where necessary. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA (molecular evolutionary genetics analysis) program, version 4.0 [36] from Clustal W1.6 alignments. The NJ [37] method was used to construct the tree. In the NJ method, the P distance was used to analyze the amino acid sequences. A total of 1000 repetitions were performed using the bootstrap method to determine the reliability of each node of the tree. The homology-based three-dimensional structural modeling of PSY was accomplished using Swiss-Model and WebLab Viewer Lite (http://swissmodel.expasy.org). 
