*3.2. Animal Material*

The corals *A. japonica*, *A. secale*, and *A. hyacinthus*, the tridacnid clam *T. squamosa*, the crown-of-thorns starfish *A. planc*, and the sea snail *D. fragum* were collected along the Ootsuki coast, Kochi Prefecture, Japan from July to August 2009 and 2010. 
