**5. Conclusions**

In summary, a combined process of multi-pass ECAP and post rolling technologies were employed in the development of a high-strength Mg-9Li duplex alloy. The microstructure and their influence on the strength and ductility of the processed Mg-9Li alloys were systematically investigated. The main conclusions are:


formed in the rolled Mg-9Li alloys along the rolling direction, which also contributed to the most improved strength of the E8R alloy.

**Author Contributions:** D.S. and J.J. conceived and designed the experiments; E.K., C.L., G.W., Z.Z., and B.G. contributed to the sample preparation, J.S. and A.M. contributed to the data analysis; D.S. wrote the paper.

**Funding:** This research was financial support from Funds for the Central Universities of Hohai University (2018B57714, 2018B48414 and 2019B76814), Natural Science Foundation of China (51878246, 51774109 and 51979099), Fundamental Research Six Talent Peaks Project in Jiangsu Province (2016-XCL-196), Science and Technology Support Program funded project of Suqian City (Industrial H201817), Applied Fundamental Research Foundation of Nantong City (JC2018110), Key Research and Development Project of Jiangsu Province of China (BE2017148).

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
