*3.5. Primary Energy Consumption*

The primary energy consumption trends represented in Figure 9 basically followed the CO2 footprint trends. Comparing Figures 8 and 9, slight differences in the trends were observed in regions with higher shares of nuclear energy (e.g., Taipei—2A, Lyon—4A, Seoul—4B, Östersund—7), which has minimal GHG emissions but a high primary energy factor according to reference [45].

**Figure 9.** Primary energy (PE) consumption based on climate zone and case study.
