*6.2. Clinical Association*

An association of shorter T50 times with increased all-cause and CV mortality, as well as CV events, could be demonstrated in pre-dialysis CKD patients, HD patients, and KTR (Table 6) [76,107,116–118]. Aortic pulse wave velocity (APWV), as a quantification tool of progressive arterial sti ffness and vascular calcification, showed conflicting results in association with T50 [116,118]. In KTR, baseline APWV was not associated with T50 values [118], while an association of lower T50 values with increasing APWV was found in patients with CKD stage 3 and 4 [116]. T50 values are not associated with CAC prevalence but rather with greater CAC severity (Table 6) [97]. Further investigations considering clinical parameters that represent the progression of vascular calcification should be made to estimate the predictive value of T50 with respect to calcification in CKD patients.


**Table 6.** Clinical assessment of calcification propensity based on half-maximal transition time (T50) in CKD patients.

APWV: aortic pulse wave velocity.
