*4.7. Scratch Assay*

A549 cells were seeded in 24-well plates (7 × 10<sup>4</sup> cells/well), where they formed confluent monolayers after 24 h. The monolayers were scraped with a 200 μL pipette tip, and straight, cell-free gaps in the middle of cell monolayers were created. The cells were subsequently washed with nutrient medium and treated with IC20 concentration of DOX in the presence or absence of the subtoxic extract concentration (20 μg/mL) or with 20 μg/mL extracts only. The control cells were maintained in nutrient medium only. Images were obtained immediately after making the scratches and after 24 and 48 h of incubation. Three independent experiments were performed. Three representative points were selected in each image; the widths of the gap were measured and averaged. The average gap width at 0 h was considered 100%, and other average gap widths (%) were calculated relative to this value.
