*4.1. Chemicals and Other Reagents*

10-hydroxyoleoside 11-methyl ester (**1**, C17 H24 O12, CAS No. 131836-11-8, MW 420.37, purity 98%), 10-hydroxyoleoside dimethyl ester (**2**, C18 H26 O12, CAS No. 91679-27-5, MW 434.39, purity 98%), 10-hydroxyligustroside (**3**, C25 H32 O13, CAS No. 35897-94-0, MW 540.51, purity 97%) and multifloroside (**4**, C32 H38 O16, CAS No. 131836-10-7, MW 678.64, purity 98%) (Figure 1) were purchased from BioBioPha Co., Ltd. (Kunming, China). MTT was from Merck Millipore. The Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining apoptosis assay kit and Cell Cycle Detection Kit were from KeyGEN Bio Tech (Nanjing, China). MitoSox Red mitochondrial superoxide indicator was obtained from Thermo Fisher (Shanghai, China). The JC-10 Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit was from Mybiotech, (Xi'an, China). Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Carlsbad, California, USA). Trypsin, penicillin, streptomycin and l-glutamate were purchased from MP Biomedicals, LLC (Santa Ana, CA, USA). All other chemicals used in this work were analytical grade and were purchased from local commercial suppliers and used without further purification unless otherwise noted.
