**7. Conclusions**

This study is an assisting document for those who want to work in this field. With the help of the technology developed in recent years, electrical vehicles now have access to V2X technology. Electrical vehicles are useful for preventing greenhouse gas emissions and global energy and climate changes, and promoting the efficient use of energy and energy saving. V2G, V2H, or V2X technologies provide an efficient use of existing energy resources and also reduce the infrastructure costs of the planned energy sector. The continuity of the existing energy in the grid is ensured with V2G or V2H technologies, together with an efficient and reliable source formation, a stable operation, and a high quality of power. In the future, the problem of emission from vehicles will be eliminated completely by bringing the grid power connection standard in the electrical vehicles. Companies will form universal charging stations to charge their own electrical vehicles or to charge the vehicles of other companies, thus minimizing the charging time that is spent on battery charging by installing battery exchange units or battery rental stations. Thus, the world can shift to an era of smarter transportation and wiser energy management.

In the present study, V2G and V2H technologies were introduced, and information on their structures and components was given. The charging system of the batteries in the vehicles was narrated with brief talks about battery life, its health indicators, how different factors affect its health, and battery management systems. In addition, the topic was enhanced by including the power electronics topologies that are widely used in this sector. The basic idea and circuit structure were assessed for each converter topology. The communication standards used in this technology were indicated. A comparative assessment of the overall performance of different types of AC/DC and DC/DC converters was made that includes several parameters. Finally, a SWOT analysis of the V2G technology was made to elucidate that this technology will eventually bring in good results for the energy sector.

**Author Contributions:** All authors contributed equally to the research activities and for its final presentation as a full manuscript.

**Funding:** No source of funding was attained for this research activity.

**Acknowledgments:** The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to Oregon Renewable Energy Center (OREC) for their assistance with the experimentation required during the course of this research. Their contributions have greatly improved the content of the manuscript.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
