*2.11. Statistical Analysis*

Values are mean ± standard error of the mean (*SEM*) of triplicate analysis. Calculation and regression analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel 2016 (Microsoft Corporation, Washington, D.C., USA) and Graph 4.4.2 whereas statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 22.0, International Business Machines Corporation, New York, NY, USA). The strength and direction of the association between two ranked variables were measured using the Spearman correlation. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used for assessing the normality of the data distribution while the homogeneity of variances was tested using Levene's test. Since the assumption of the homogeneity of variances had been violated, multiple comparisons between the various extracts were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of unequal variance (Welch's ANOVA) with Games Howell post hoc test. Significant difference was accepted at *p* < 0.050 or *p* < 0.010.
