2.4.1. Quantitative

The two researchers positioned themselves within the boundary of the playground to observe participants, one observation at a time. At the beginning of the observation period, the researchers synchronised stopwatches to concurrently record data for a period of up to twenty minutes. Participants were observed for MDU (mode and duration of use), caregiver supervision, caregiver/child interaction and child injury potential with data recorded during each minute.

The first researcher collected data for caregiver MDU using an adapted, previously trialled mobile device timing audit [4,27]. During each minute of the observation, the researcher observed the dominant mode of caregiver MDU (telephone call, scroll/type or camera) and the duration of caregiver MDU (recorded as a minimum of 0 s and a maximum of 60 s). The summed duration for each minute of observation was later categorised as; "No MDU"; "1–10 s"; "11–20 s"; "21–30 s"; "31–40 s"; "41–50 s" and "51–60 s". The second researcher collected data on caregiver supervision, caregiver–child interaction and child injury potential using a combined observation audit [4,27]. During each minute of the observation, the researcher observed and recorded the dominant behaviour.
