*Article* **Work-Related Fatalities Involving Children in New Zealand, 1999–2014**

### **Rebbecca Lilley 1,\*, Bronwen McNoe 1, Gabrielle Davie 1, Brandon de Graaf 1 and Tim Driscoll 2**


Received: 30 November 2020; Accepted: 22 December 2020; Published: 24 December 2020

**Abstract:** In high income countries, children under 15 years of age are exposed to workplace hazards when they visit or live on worksites or participate in formal or informal work. This study describes the causes and circumstances of unintentional child work-related fatal injuries (child WRFI) in New Zealand. Potential cases were identified from the Mortality Collection using International Classification of Disease external cause codes: these were matched to Coronial records and reviewed for work-relatedness. Data were abstracted on the socio-demographic, employment and injury-related circumstances. Of the 1335 unintentional injury deaths in children from 1999 through 2014, 206 (15%) were identified as dying from a work-related injury: 9 workers and 197 bystanders—the majority involving vehicle crashes or being stuck by moving objects in incidents occurring on farms or public roads. Those at highest risk were males, preschoolers, and those of Maori or European ethnicity. Work made a notable contribution to the ¯ burden of unintentional fatal injury in children with most deaths highly preventable, largely by adult intervention and legislation. To address the determinants of child WRFI greater attention on rural farm and transport settings would result in a significant reduction in the injury mortality rates of New Zealand children.

**Keywords:** injury; work; children; agriculture; farm; transport; occupational injury
