**4. Case Study**

In the case analysis, emissions were estimated based on the method described in Section 3 by using the navigation data collected from actual roads, and it was investigated whether such a method produces accurate emission calculation results as intended. As the target roads, as shown in Figure 2, one section of the highway (about 1 km long) and one section of the arterial road (about 600 m long) in Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do in the Republic of Korea are selected to inspect whether the method reflects the driving characteristics of uninterrupted flow and interrupted flow, respectively. The target road sections are shown in Figure 2, and their attributes are described below.

**Figure 2.** Study Area. (Map source: Google Maps).

	- ◦ Road name: Seoul Jeil Sunwhan Expressway
	- ◦ Number of lanes: Four per direction
	- ◦ Speed limit: 100 km/h
	- ◦ Road name: Sosaro
	- ◦ Number of lanes: two per direction
	- ◦ Speed limit: 60 km/h
