3.3.3. Energy Use per Private Passenger Kilometer (PKT)

Energy use per PKT is a more meaningful measure of energy consumption in public transport, which enables genuine comparisons to be made with private passenger transport energy use. Table 3 provides the energy consumption per PKT for private transport, and Figure 4 depicts the data for the Swedish and global sample. The European cities, including Freiburg, and especially the Swedish cities, are amongst the lowest energy consumers in cars, though there is a range in Sweden from 2.74 MJ/PKT in Jönköping down to 1.74 MJ/PKT in Umeå. The larger Swedish cities (2.35 MJ/PKT) are about the same as Freiburg (2.39) and the average for the European cities (2.30), while the smaller cities are little lower at 2.18 MJ/PKT. Compared to the Canadian (3.79 MJ/PKT), Asian (3.31), Australian (2.87) and American (2.85) cities, the Swedish cities are significantly less energy hungry in cars (2.27 MJ/PKT). Of course, this sets a greater challenge for public transport to compete in energy terms, especially where loadings in public transport vehicles are low.

**Figure 4.** Energy use per passenger kilometer (PKT) in private passenger transport in ten Swedish cities (2015); Freiburg (2015); and American, Australian, Canadian, European and Asian cities (2005–2006).
