3.3.7. Tram/LRT Energy Use per PKT

As mentioned before, for simplicity, tram and LRT in the global sample are combined here to provide an overview perspective. These rail modes are generally the second-lowest energy-demanding modes in cities after metros (see below) and average around 0.60 MJ/PKT (e.g., the global average is 0.64 MJ/PKT, Swedish cities 0.60 and European cities 0.63). Freiburg is exceptionally good, with 0.33 MJ/PKT, and the two Asian cities quite close to this (0.40). In every case, trams and LRT are also much less energy consumptive than buses, due to their generally higher loadings, electric propulsion and the fact that they tend to operate in generally denser, more public-transport-supportive urban fabrics, especially inner areas of cities.

**Figure 6.** Ratio of private to public transport energy use per PKT in ten Swedish cities (2015); Freiburg (2015); and American, Australian, Canadian, European and Asian cities (2005–2006).
