2.3.2. Travel-Related Urban Zones

The respondents were allocated into the following six zones depending on the coordinates of their home locations: Central pedestrian zone, the fringe of the pedestrian zone, pedestrian zones of the sub-centers, intensive public transport zone, basic public transport zone, and car zone. The zones were taken from the Travel-Related Urban Zone GIS-based classification of the Finnish Environment Institute, which divides the regions into zones depending on the distance from the center, population characteristics, public transportation infrastructure, building stock, and jobs [59].

For this study, the residential zones were merged into three categories, based on location, density, similarities in the mode of travel to work, and on having approximately the same number of respondents in each group. The central pedestrian zone and the fringe of the pedestrian zone became the pedestrian-oriented zone (33% of respondents), the pedestrian zones of sub-centers and intensive public transport zones became the public transport-oriented zone (31%), and the basic public transport zone and the car zone became the car-oriented zone (36%).
