*5.2. How Do the Modal Energy Consumption Rates per Vehicle Kilometer and Passenger Kilometer in Swedish Cities Di*ff*er from Each Other and Other Cities Worldwide?*

#### 5.2.1. Energy Use per Vehicle Kilometer

Private transport energy use per vehicle km in Swedish cities is on average similar in the smaller and larger cities (2.9 and 3.1 MJ/km, respectively, with an average of 3.0) and very like Freiburg (3.1), as well as the other European cities in 2005 (3.1 MJ/km). This factor is, however, much less than in all the other groups of cities, which ranged in 2005 from 4.1 to 4.9 MJ/km.

Public transport energy use per kilometer (17.3 MJ/km all modes) is lower than in the global sample (18.6 MJ/km). Swedish buses consume less energy per kilometer than all groups of cities, apart from the European cities and Freiburg, with which they are very alike. LRT energy use per wagon km is also very like European cities, but lower than the other groups of cities. Metro energy use per wagon km (Stockholm's tunnelbana) is again akin to European cities, but very much lower than metros everywhere else. Suburban rail energy use varies a lot and is higher than in European, Australian and Asian cities, but very much lower than in American and Canadian cities (which have numerous less energy-efficient diesel operations).
