*2.2. Energy Consumption Analysis*

The energy consumption for vehicle production was calculated while considering the product (output) of each productive process. Equation (5) represents the consumption in the part production processes, and Equation (6) represents types of consumption, from resource mining to material production.

$$ECP\_{m,i} = G\_{m,i} \* \sum\_{c} EXP\_{c,i\_{\prime}} \tag{5}$$

$$\text{ECM}\_{n,j} = \text{GMP}\_{n,j} \* \sum\_{\varepsilon} \text{ECM}\_{\varepsilon,j\_{\tau}} \tag{6}$$

where *ECPm*,*<sup>i</sup>* is the energy that is consumed in the part production process i to produce vehicle parts made by material m, *ECMn*,*<sup>j</sup>* is the energy consumed in the mining or material production process j to produce material n, *ECPe*,*<sup>i</sup>* is the energy resource or electricity e consumed in the part production process i per mass of part (process output), *ECMe*,*<sup>j</sup>* is the energy resource or electricity e consumed in the mining or material production process j per mass of product (process output), as shown in Table 1.

The total energy consumption to produce a determinate part can be calculated as the sum of the energy that is consumed by each productive stage, from material mining to part production, as shown in Equation (7).

$$TCP\_{m,i} = ECC\_{m,i} + \sum\_{j} ECM\_{n,j\_{\prime}} \tag{7}$$

where *TECPm*,*<sup>i</sup>* is the total energy consumed to produce parts made from material m and formed by productive process i.

Finally, the effect of the vehicle assembly plant was added, per unit of vehicle, based on energy consumption data of Sullivan et al. in order to calculate the total energy consumption required to produce a vehicle [19].
