*5.1. A Comparative Analysis of the Models' Estimation Results*

Table 5 gives the descriptive statistics for mean energy use efficiency according to the three models. Model 1 shows that province level energy use efficiency ranged from 0.091 to 0.937 with large dispersions. The energy use efficiency in Model 2 ranged from 0.387 to 1.000. In Model 3 the residual efficiency ranged from 0.013 to 0.990, the persistent efficiency ranged from 0.179 to 0.897, and the overall efficiency ranged from 0.176 to 0.876. A number of 0.80 for Province A in a given year indicates that province A is 80 percent efficient in energy use compared to the frontier reference Province B with the best energy use technology. Province A has the potential of improving its efficiency by 20 percent.


**Table 5.** Descriptive Statistics for Energy Efficiency Measures by Different Models.

Notes: Model 1: The time-variant efficiency model. Model 2: The true fixed-effects model (Greene, 2005a). Model 3: Four components of the SF model with determinants of inefficiency.
