**1. Introduction**

China has been the world's largest energy consumer since 2009, accounting for 23% of global energy consumption and 27% of global energy consumption growth in 2016 [1]. Meanwhile, China is currently the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. The annual economic losses caused by air and water pollution account for 8–12% of GDP [2]. However, China's electricity production is still dominated by coal, and the carbon dioxide emitted by electricity and heat production is more than 50% of the total fuel emissions, which is contrary to the current economic transformation goals. Among all terminal electricity consumption, residential electricity consumption accounts for a relatively large proportion, and due to the energy substitution policy effect, electric energy substitution will further expand residents' electricity consumption. Therefore, it is necessary to control residents' electricity consumption. Although improving the electricity efficiency through technical means can inhibit the increase of household electricity consumption to a certain extent, improving energy efficiency will induce a direct rebound effect, and its negative effect on energy conservation and emission reduction cannot be ignored [3,4]. In view of the spatial agglomeration of electricity consumption in China, there are two problems that need to be studied in depth: Is there a spatial spillover effect of the direct rebound effect of residential electricity consumption? How to distinguish the direct rebound effect and its spatial spillover effect if there is a spatial spillover effect, so as to accurately and comprehensively examine the magnitude and trend of the direct rebound effect of residential electricity.
