**A Scalable Architecture for the Dynamic Deployment of Multimodal Learning Analytics Applications in Smart Classrooms**

**Alberto Huertas Celdrán 1, José A. Ruipérez-Valiente 2,\*, Félix J. García Clemente 2, María Jesús Rodríguez-Triana 3, Shashi Kant Shankar 3 and Gregorio Martínez Pérez 2**


Received: 22 April 2020; Accepted: 19 May 2020; Published: 21 May 2020

**Abstract:** The smart classrooms of the future will use different software, devices and wearables as an integral part of the learning process. These educational applications generate a large amount of data from different sources. The area of Multimodal Learning Analytics (MMLA) explores the affordances of processing these heterogeneous data to understand and improve both learning and the context where it occurs. However, a review of different MMLA studies highlighted that ad-hoc and rigid architectures cannot be scaled up to real contexts. In this work, we propose a novel MMLA architecture that builds on software-defined networks and network function virtualization principles. We exemplify how this architecture can solve some of the detected challenges to deploy, dismantle and reconfigure the MMLA applications in a scalable way. Additionally, through some experiments, we demonstrate the feasibility and performance of our architecture when different classroom devices are reconfigured with diverse learning tools. These findings and the proposed architecture can be useful for other researchers in the area of MMLA and educational technologies envisioning the future of smart classrooms. Future work should aim to deploy this architecture in real educational scenarios with MMLA applications.

**Keywords:** smart classrooms; educational technology; multimodal learning analytics; internet of things; multisensorial networks
