*2.2. Economical Feasibility of the CCT Integration*

The economical assessment is the feasibility evaluation required for the comprehensive comparison of the considered technologies. The aim of this economical study is to analyze and compare the cost effectiveness of the reference energy units (REUs) without CCT systems and REU with integration of CCT. The key parameters to compare cost effectiveness are the costs of 1 ton CO2 separated (for REUs with CCT) and emitted (for REUs without CCT). To perform a cohesive economical assessment, this assessment is based on the technical report [18], which combines several economical international standards and methods tailored for the considered CCT. The economical assessment for this study is based on basic parameters such as


CAPEX represents the capital expenditures required for the construction of the CCT as a completely new technology or as a retrofit of current technology. This study considers the construction of new technologies from the "greenfield" in both case studies. The costs of the required systems are taken from the market offers of the suppliers of the technological subsystems [19].

OPEX represents the sum of all the operational costs in the first year of the system's operation. The operational costs for energy systems include fuel costs, costs for each media (water, sorbents, desulphurization media, etc.), waste management costs, personal costs, and maintenance costs. Data for the OPEX calculations was taken from the literature sources and real operational data taken by experts from the Czech energy group UJV [18,19].

COE reflects the cost of the electricity produced by the energy source. This criterion shows a simplified view on the economic efficiency of the considered energy source. Thus, if the COE of the assessed energy source is lower than the actual market price of the electricity (in the specific year of operation), the energy source is economically effective (and would therefore generate profit).

CCo represents all the costs required for the separation and capture of 1 ton of CO2. For REUs without CCT, CCo is determined by the price of CO2 allowance. The correlation between CCo of carbon capture systems and the market trend of CO2 allowance determines the cost effectiveness of the carbon capture systems. Moreover, the cost effectiveness of the carbon capture systems shows potential competitiveness in the CO2 trading market.

AvCo represents the equivalent of CO2 emissions allowance costs. AvCo defines the costs of 1 tone CO2 emitted to air.
