**Computerized Clinical Decision Support System for Prompting Brief Alcohol Interventions with Treatment Seeking Smokers: A Sex-Based Secondary Analysis of a Cluster Randomized Trial**

**Nadia Minian 1,2,3, Anna Ivanova 1, Sabrina Voci 1, Scott Veldhuizen 1, Laurie Zawertailo 1,4, Dolly Baliunas 1,5, Aliya Noormohamed 1, Norman Giesbrecht 5,6 and Peter Selby 1,2,3,5,7,\***


Received: 23 December 2019; Accepted: 4 February 2020; Published: 6 February 2020

**Abstract:** Although brief alcohol intervention can reduce alcohol use for both men and women, health care providers (HCPs) are less likely to discuss alcohol use or deliver brief intervention to women compared to men. This secondary analysis examined whether previously reported outcomes from a cluster randomized trial of a clinical decision support system (CDSS)—prompting delivery of a brief alcohol intervention (an educational alcohol resource) for patients drinking above cancer guidelines—were moderated by patients' sex. Patients (*n* = 5702) enrolled in a smoking cessation program at primary care sites across Ontario, Canada, were randomized to either the intervention (CDSS) or control arm (no CDSS). Logistic generalized estimating equations models were fit for the primary and secondary outcome (HCP offer of resource and patient acceptance of resource, respectively). Previously reported results showed no difference between treatment arms in HCP offers of an educational alcohol resource to eligible patients, but there was increased acceptance of the alcohol resource among patients in the intervention arm. The results of this study showed that these CDSS intervention effects were not moderated by sex, and this can help inform the development of a scalable strategy to overcome gender disparities in alcohol intervention seen in other studies.

**Keywords:** alcohol; tobacco; smoking cessation; clinical decision support systems; brief intervention; sex differences
