**Heidarali Hashemiboroujeni \*, Sareh Esmaeili Marzdashti, Kanglin Xing and J.R.R. Mayer**

Advanced Manufacturing Department, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnique Montréal, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; sareh.esmaeili-marzdashti@polymtl.ca (S.E.M.); kanglin.xing@polymtl.ca (K.X.); rene.mayer@polymtl.ca (J.R.R.M.)

**\*** Correspondence: ali.hashemi@polymtl.ca; Tel.: +1-438-993-6750

Received: 31 December 2018; Accepted: 1 February 2019; Published: 3 February 2019

**Abstract:** Now equipped with touch trigger probes machine tools are increasingly used to measure workpieces for various tasks such as rapid setup, compensation of final tool paths to correct part deflections and even verify conformity to finished tolerances. On five-axis machine tools, the use of data acquired for different rotary axes positions angles brings additional errors into play, thus increasing the measurement errors. The estimation of the machine geometric error sources, using such methods as the scale and master ball artefact (SAMBA) method, and their use to calibrate machine tools may enhance five-axis on-machine metrology. The paper presents the use of the ball dome artefact to validate the accuracy improvement when using a calibrated model to process the machine tool axis readings. The inter-axis errors and the scale gain errors were targeted for correction as well the measuring tool length and lateral offsets. Worst case and mean deviations between the reference artefact geometry and the on-machine tool measurement is reduced from 176 and 70 μm down to 31 and 12 μm for the nominal and calibrated machine stylus tip offsets respectively.

**Keywords:** coordinate metrology; on-machine measurement; ball dome artefact; calibration; machine tool
