**3. Results**

#### *3.1. Musts Physicochemical Characterization*

Results of the statistical canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) of oenological parameters of must samples of Tempranillo, Grenache and Graciano are shown in Figure 1. The 100% of the variability between the three musts was explained by two possible canonical functions (F). F1 explained over 96.1% of variability and F2 3.9%, with both being significant.

**Figure 1.** *Cont*.


**Figure 1.** (**A**) Canonical discriminant analysis of control initial must (1.) of Tempranillo (Temp), Grenache (Gre) and Graciano (Gra). (**B**) Standardized canonical coefficients of the two main discriminant functions (F1 and F2) obtained for oenological parameters.

All five analysed parameters contributed to the separation along F1, but APBV loading was the most dominant. F2 was also employed by the statistical software to construct the graph being mainly loaded by the malic acid content. The Tempranillo must sample was separated along F1 from the other two varieties. Grenache must was placed in the negative part of the F2 axis, and Graciano must on the positive F2 axis. Tempranillo had low APBV and the high pH and malic acid content while the Graciano must also was characterised also by low ABPV and high total acidity (data shown in Spreadsheet S1). The Grenache must had high APBV and low malic acid content.

#### *3.2. Control of Yeast Populations and AF Kinetics in Each Grape Variety*
