*Review* **Non-Coding RNAs and Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia**

#### **Anthony Cannavicci 1,2, Qiuwang Zhang 2 and Michael J. B. Kutryk 1,2,\***


Received: 14 September 2020; Accepted: 15 October 2020; Published: 17 October 2020

**Abstract:** Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional ribonucleic acid (RNA) species that include microRNAs (miRs), a class of short non-coding RNAs (∼21–25 nucleotides), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) consisting of more than 200 nucleotides. They regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and are involved in a wide range of pathophysiological processes. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion characterized by vascular dysplasia. Patients can develop life-threatening vascular malformations and experience severe hemorrhaging. Effective pharmacological therapies are limited. The study of ncRNAs in HHT is an emerging field with grea<sup>t</sup> promise. This review will explore the current literature on the involvement of ncRNAs in HHT as diagnostic and pathogenic factors.

**Keywords:** non-coding RNAs; microRNAs; long non-coding RNAs; hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia; biomarkers; endothelial cells; angiogenesis
