*3.3. Signal Processing*

Single gait cycles and the phases within each cycle were assessed from basographic signals following the procedure reported in [37]. Band-pass filtering (20–450 Hz) was applied to raw sEMG signals to remove the baseline drift associated with movement, perspiration, etc., and any DC o ffset. Further, sEMG signals *x*(*t*) were full-wave rectified and then smoothed computing the following RMS formula: 

$$RMS = \sqrt{\frac{1}{T} \int\_0^T \left| \mathbf{x}(t) \right|^2 dt} \tag{1}$$

over a sliding window of 50 ms (100 samples). The sliding-window approach allows improving the transitory response and guarantees a better temporal resolution. An example of full-wave rectified (panel A) and RMS (panel B) signals in the same stride is reported in Figures 1 and 2, for GL and TA respectively.

**Figure 1.** Rectified surface electromyography (sEMG) panel ( **A**) and root mean square (RMS) of sEMG signal panel (**B**) for GL in the same representative stride during walking.

**Figure 2.** Rectified sEMG panel (**A**) and RMS of sEMG signal panel (**B**) for TA in the same representative stride during walking.
