**6. Conclusions**

Graphene was discovered several years ago. Since then, it has attracted the attention of researchers and the media throughout the world thanks to the promising properties of 2D nanosheets. The limits of graphene are mainly related to its low biodegradability in vivo and its higher cytotoxicity, compared to BP and other 2D materials. In contrast, the literature has reported that BP has lower cytotoxicity and better degradation rates in vivo, also showing low release rates of nanoparticles in the human body. BP has been demonstrated to serve effectively as a biomedical material, a sensor, an aid in drug release and in most different diagnostic applications. The good stability of its structure and its high ability to link with other biomaterials make it an ideal component in multilayered smart functional materials. Currently, the applications of BP nanosheets in bone tissue engineering are the most promising, both as a scaffold and as a coating on the surfaces of prosthetics to improve the osteoinductive and antibiotic properties of such devices. Nevertheless, the future experimental developments of this novel nanomaterial may lead to several new exciting challenges, particularly with regard to theranostic applications in the field of medical oncology.

**Author Contributions:** All authors contributed to the conceptualization and the methodology of this article; data curation, M.T., M.A., F.G., E.A., I.M.; writing—original draft preparation, M.T., B.Z., S.R., L.F.; drawing of new figures and text editing: M.A.; writing—review and editing, I.M., S.R.; reviewed paper supervision, M.A., B.Z., L.F.

**Funding:** This research received no external funding.

**Conflicts of Interest:** The authors declare no conflict of interest.
