Use and Maintenance

The maintenance and use phase includes everything that happens in the service life of the bridge. It takes some activities and processes (considering its own maintenance activities and the traffic detour due to the closure of the bridge) and the fixed CO2. On one hand, the bridge needs one maintenance period of 2 days to satisfy with the regulations during its 120 years of service life. This maintenance

activity considers that the concrete cover is replaced by a repair mortar. The maintenance action consists firstly of removing the concrete cover and providing a proper surface for the coating adhesion. Then, a bonding coat is applied between the old and new concrete. Finally, a repair mortar is placed to provide a new reinforcement corrosion protection [30]. Note that the study considers that the quality on-site work is adequate to guarantee that the bridge does not have durability problems during the service life. Besides, it is important to highlight that other maintenance activities to repair or replace equipment elements may take place. However, they are not evaluated in this study.

This study takes into account all the machinery necessary to repair the deterioration of the bridge including the transport to the bridge location and the increase in emissions generated due to the traffic detour [13,14]. The traffic detour is considered taking into account the average daily traffic of 8500 vehicles/day, where trucks comprise 10% of vehicles and a detour distance of 2.9 km. On the other hand, the fixation of the CO2 by the concrete is a widely studied fact [31,32] that has been considered in the bridge studied.
