*4.1. Plant Materials*

*Pleione limprichtii*, belongs to the Orchidaceae family, and is distributed in the Huanglong Nature Reverse in Sichuan Province, China, with three distinct color variations including rose-purple, pink, and white (Figure 10a–c). The study site was located at 32.68◦N, 104.04◦E, and 1851.61 m above sea level (Figure 10d). The plants are generally found living on rocks along streams. The sexual reproduction of *Pleione* is commonly dependent on deceptive pollination and each individual usually grows only one flower. The majority of individuals in the population have rose-purple flowers, while white flowers are relatively less common.

**Figure 10.** Flower polymorphism of *Pleione* limprichtii in Huanglong population. (**a**) rose-purple flower; (**b**) pink flower; (**c**) white flower; (**d**) one of the polymorphic populations on a rock.
